中药治疗糖尿病机制研究进展

Progress in research on the mechanism of Chinese medicine in the treatment of diabetes

研究证实中药治疗糖尿病的机制能够通过刺激胰岛素分泌,保护和修复胰岛β细胞,改善胰岛素抵抗,抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性,促进葡萄糖利用,改善机体氧化应激水平等途径发挥。如肉桂、苦杏仁、松花粉、仙鹤草、玉竹、黄芪、知母能够刺激胰岛素分泌;南瓜、玉米须、山药、灵芝、栀子能够保护和修复胰岛β细胞;泽泻、葛根、黄连、牡丹皮、黄芩、人参改善胰岛素抵抗;桑叶、绞股蓝、苦瓜、山楂抑制α-葡萄糖苷酶活性;山茱萸促进葡萄糖利用;冬虫夏草、枸杞、昆布增强抗氧化作用。当然每种中药不只通过一种机制起作用,通常是多种机制共同作用的结果。

Studies have confirmed that the mechanism of Chinese medicine in treating diabetes work through stimulating insulin secretion,protecting and repairing pancreaticβ-cells,improving insulin resistance,inhibiting the activity of glucosidase,promoting glucose utilization,and improving the level of body’s oxidative stress.For example,cinnamon,Bitter almond,Pine pollen,Senna,Yu zhu,Astragalus and Zhi mu can stimulate insulin secretion;Pumpkin,Corn Husk,Yam,Ling zhi and Gardenia can protect and repair pancreaticβcells;Zedoary,Kudzu root,Huang lian,Peony Bark,Scutellaria and Ginseng can improve insulin resistance;Mulberry Leaf,Gynostemma,Bitter Melon hawthorn can inhibit-glucosidase activity;Cornelian can promotes glucose utilization;Cordyceps sinensis,Chinese wolfberry,and Kombu can enhance antioxidant effects.It is obvious that each herb works through more than one mechanism.The effect is usually the result of multiple mechanisms together.