渐变节流式液压缓冲器特性分析及优化

Characteristic Analysis and Optimization of Gradually Throttled Hydraulic Buffer

针对目前某型车辆渐变节流式液压缓冲器缓冲特性分析及结构优化的问题,提出了一种免疫算法优化缓冲器关键结构的方法。建立了某型车辆渐变节流式液压缓冲器数学模型,运用龙格-库塔法求解微分方程,得出缓冲特性曲线并分析不同参数对缓冲特性影响;基于此,以缓冲器缓冲效率为目标,以阻尼孔半径、长度及节流杆初始半径为优化变量,采用免疫算法进行结构优化。结果表明,优化后缓冲效率提升4%左右,最大缓冲力降低15.6%左右,最大缓冲行程增加15%左右,验证了该方法的有效性和高效性。

Aiming at the problem of buffer characteristics analysis and structural optimization of the current vehicle gradual throttle hydraulic buffer,an immune algorithm is proposed to optimize the key structure of the buffer.Establishing a mathematical model of a gradual throttle hydraulic buffer for a vehicle,use Runge-Kutta method to solve the differential equation,obtain the buffer characteristic curve and analysis the influence of different parameters on the buffer characteristic;based on this,the buffer efficiency of the buffer was targeted,taking the radius and length of the orifice and the initial radius of the throttle rod as the optimization variables,the immune algorithm is used to optimize the structure.The results show that after optimization,the buffering efficiency is increased by about 4%,the maximum buffering force is reduced by about 15.6%,and the maximum buffering stroke is increased by about 15%,which verifies the effectiveness and efficiency of the method.