花生中重金属含量的影响因素及其来源

The Influence Factors and Sources of Heavy Metals in Peanuts

为分析花生中重金属含量的影响因素及其来源,进行产地及品种田间模型试验,采集花生、土壤及降水样品,测定样品中7种重金属的含量。结合单因素方差分析、多因素方差分析和Pearson相关性分析,解析产地、品种及其交互作用对花生中重金属含量的影响,探究重金属含量与种源土壤和降水中重金属含量的关系。结果显示,花生中Ni、Cd和Tl含量的变化主要受地域的影响;As含量的变化主要受地域×品种交互作用的影响;Cr、Sb和Pb含量的变化受其它因素影响较大。花生中As、Sb和Pb的含量与土壤和降水中相关元素的含量没有显著相关性;Cd和Ni含量与土壤和降水均呈现显著相关;Cr和Tl含量与土壤中相关元素含量显著相关。研究表明花生中重金属含量受产地和品种的影响,重金属的来源不仅有土壤和降水,可能还有农药和肥料等其它来源。

In this study,in order to analyze the influence factors and sources of heavy metals in peanuts,the field experiment of geographical origin and variety was conducted.Peanut,soil,and precipitation samples were collected,and the concentrations of seven heavy metals were determined in all the samples.Combined with one-way analysis of variance(ANOVA),multi-way ANOVA,and Pearson correlation analysis,the influences of geographical origin,variety,and their interaction on the contents of heavy metals in peanut kernels were analyzed,and the relationships between the heavy metal contents in peanut and those in the provenance soil or precipitation were explored.The results indicated that the variations of Ni,Cd,and Tl contents in peanut were mainly affected by the region;the variation of As content was mainly affected by the interaction of origin and variety;while the variations of the contents of Cr,Sb,and Pb could be mainly affected by other factors.The contents of As,Sb,and Pb in peanut had no significant correlation with those in soil or precipitation;the contents of Cd and Ni in peanut had significant correlation with both soil and precipitation;and the contents of Cr and Tl in peanut were significantly related to those in soil.This study suggested that the contents of heavy metals in peanuts were affected by the origin and variety,and its sources include not only soil and precipitation,but also other sources such as pesticides and fertilizers.