基于数据挖掘的小儿泄泻中医食疗方的调治规律分析

Recuperation and Treatment Rule of Infantile Diarrhea with Traditional Chinese Medicine Food Prescriptions:A Data Mining Approach

目的基于数据挖掘技术,探索小儿泄泻食疗方的常用食物及中医食疗干预不同证候泄泻的调治规律。方法收集《中国药膳大辞典》、《中医食疗方全录》、《中医方剂大辞典》中调治小儿泄泻的食疗方,并提取组成、主治病症等信息。采用SPSS 22.0进行频次分析,采用SPSS Modeler 18.0分析食物配伍关联规则。结果共纳入食疗方146首,涉及15种剂型,以粥剂为主(36.3%);包含95味食物,中医食疗调治小儿泄泻最常用的食物为粳米(8.7%)、山药(7.4%)、白砂糖(6.1%)。性味归经方面,四性以平、温为主;五味以甘、辛居多;归经以脾、胃经为主。小儿泄泻食疗方的主治证候以脾虚泻(44.5%)为主。除此之外,脾虚泻常用食物组合山药、粳米、白砂糖,伤食泻常用食物组合山楂、粳米、赤砂糖,湿热泻常用食物组合蜂蜜与黄瓜、马齿苋,脾肾阳虚泻常用食物组合芡实、莲子,风寒泻常用食物组合大蒜、茶叶。结论古今医家应用中医食疗调治小儿泄泻重视辨证施食,遵循甘缓平补之法,食物多入脾胃经,注重顾护小儿脾胃,核心食物配伍以健脾化湿为主。经本研究探索发现的古今医家辨治泄泻经验可用于指导临床小儿泄泻饮食的护理实践。

Objective To explore the common food in traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)food prescriptions for infantile diarrhea and the food selection rules of different syndromes of indications with data mining technique.Methods Food prescriptions for recuperating and treating infantile diarrhea in Chinese Medicinal Diet,Full Records of Food Therapy Recipes of TCM,and Traditional Chinese Medicine Prescriptions were collected and the information was extracted.SPSS 22.0 was used to analyze the frequency and SPSS Modeler 18.0 to analyze food compatibility association rules.Results A total of 146 food prescriptions were included,involving 15 dosage forms,mainly congee(36.3%),including 95 foods.The most frequently-used food for infantile diarrhea were Japonica rice(8.7%),Chinese yam(7.4%)and custer sugar(6.1%).The food properties were mainly flat and warm,and the flavors were mainly sweet and Xin,and the main meridian was spleen and stomach.The main syndromes of indications were spleen deficiency syndrome(44.5%).In addition,the common food combination for spleen deficiency syndrome were Chinese yam,japonica rice and custer sugar;that for food damage syndrome were Hawthorn,japonica rice and brown sugar;that for damp-heat syndrome were honey and purslane,cucumber;and for spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome were Gorgon fruit and lotus nut;for wing-cold syndrome were garlic and tea-leaves.Conclusion The ancient and modern physicians pay attention to syndrome differentiation and the treatment when applied TCM food therapy to treat infantile diarrhea.The food selected followed the principle of mild tonification with sweet food in flat property.The food used is mainly with channel tropism of spleen and stomach,and attention should be paid to caring for children’s spleen and stomach.The core food compatibility is mainly to strengthen spleen and diffuse dampness.The experience summarized by the present study can be used to guide the nursing of infantile diarrhea.