宁夏盐池县土地利用转型的生态系统服务价值评估

Evaluation of ecosystem service value of land use transformation in Yanchi County of Ningxia

以宁夏盐池县为研究区,通过构建三生空间分类体系,利用土地利用转移矩阵及土地利用程度综合指数法,定量分析2000—2019年三生用地转型及发展趋势,进一步以乡镇为单位计算生态系统服务价值,并对其时空演变特征进行分析。结果表明:近20年间盐池县三生用地变化明显,生态用地内部二级类型间的转化量占主导地位达4909.9 km^(2),生产用地净变化量减少943.6 km^(2),其中97.63%转为生态用地,生活用地波动平稳增加139.4 km^(2);盐池县土地利用综合指数介于110~130之间,2000—2005年、2010—2015年土地利用处于下降衰退期,2005—2010年、2015—2019年土地利用处于上升发展阶段;研究期间,盐池县三生空间生态系统服务价值变化趋势呈“N”型,其变化主要取决于生态用地面积比;盐池县南部麻黄山乡生态系统服务价值处于低等级,西部各乡镇处于中、较高等级,县政府驻地花马池镇处于高等级,生态用地的贡献率占比最大。为推进盐池县三生空间协同发展,应充分发挥各乡镇特色优势,发展绿色经济,从而为盐池县土地资源配置及生态文明建设提供科学参考。

Taking Yanchi County of Ningxia as the research area,this paper quantitatively analyzes the change and development trend of production-living-ecological land during 2000 to 2019 by constructing the classification system of the PLES,using the transfer matrix of land use and the comprehensive index method of land use degree,and further calculates the ecosystem service value with the township as the unit,and analyzes its spatiotemporal evolution characteristics.The results showed that:in the past 20 years,the change of the production-living-ecological land in Yanchi County was obvious,the conversion amount of ecological land was 4909.9 km^(2),the net change of production land decreased by 943.6 km^(2),97.63%of which was converted to ecological land,and the fluctuation of domestic land increased by 139.4 km^(2) The comprehensive index of land use in Yanchi county is between 110 and 130.The land use in 2000—2005 and 2010—2015 is in the decline period,and the land use in 2005—2010 and 2015—2019 is in the rising development stage.During the research period,the change trend of the ecosystem service value of the PLES in Yanchi County is“N”type,which mainly depends on the area ratio of the ecological land.The ecosystem service of Mahuangshan Township in the south of Yanchi County The value is at a low level,the villages and towns in the West are at a medium and high level,huamachi Town,the county government residence,is at a high level,and the contribution rate of ecological land is the largest.In order to promote the coordinated development of the PLES in Yanchi County,we should give full play to the advantages of each township and develop green economy,so as to provide scientific reference for the allocation of land resources and the construction of ecological civilization in Yanchi County.