2019~2021年新疆喀什莫尔寺遗址发掘收获

New Discoveries of the Archaeological Excavation in the Mo’er Temple Site in Kashgar,Xinjiang 2019-2021

莫尔寺遗址是我国最西部的大型佛寺遗址之一,也是佛教传入中国后修建的较早的寺庙。2019~2021年对莫尔寺遗址进行主动考古发掘,取得重要阶段性成果。发现了2处僧舍、2个"回"字形佛殿、1处大佛殿等大型建筑基址,清理出2号塔的基座及相关设施,出土了包括1万余件石膏佛像残件在内的珍贵文物,初步确定了遗址的范围和文物构成,揭示了遗址的寺院结构布局和建筑特点,初步探明了遗址的年代和废弃的原因。莫尔寺遗址的发掘表明,该遗址既有早期印度佛教的特点,又有后期汉传佛教重要影响。

The Mo’er Temple Site is one of the largest Buddhist temple sites in the west of China.It is also an early temple built after Buddhism was introduced into China.From 2019 to 2021,the active archaeological excavation of the Mo’er Temple Site was carried out,and important phased results were achieved.Two monk houses,two concentric-square-shaped halls and one big hall were found,the base of pagoda 2 and related facilities were cleared,and precious cultural relics including more than 10000 pieces of plaster remnants of Buddhist statues were unearthed.The scope and cultural relics’ composition of the site were preliminarily determined,and the temple’s structural layout and architectural characteristics of the site were revealed,the age of the site and the reason for its abandonment are preliminarily proved.The excavation of the Mo’er Temple Site shows that the site has both the characteristics of early Indian Buddhism and the important influence of late Chinese Buddhism.