代谢组学与泌尿系结石相关研究新进展

New progress in the study of metabonomics and urinary urolithiasis

泌尿系结石是泌尿系统常见的非肿瘤疾病,其逐年升高的患病率和发病率给社会带来沉重的医疗负担,而目前泌尿系结石的确切病因尚未明确,早期诊断、预防及术后随访等均缺乏较简便、易行的方法。代谢组学是继基因组学、蛋白组学和转录组学之后的新兴“组学”,代谢组学通过检测生物体在受到外源刺激或基因修饰后机体内代谢物质的变化,从而探索整个生物体的代谢机制变化。利用代谢组学的方法研究泌尿系结石,有望为泌尿系结石病因、早期诊断、预防及术后随访提供新的思路。本文就代谢组学相关概念和研究方法及其在泌尿系结石方面的基础及临床研究最新进展作一综述。

Urolithiasis is a common nonneoplastic disease of urinary system,and its increasing prevalence and incidence contribute heavy medical burden to the society.However,the exact etiology of urolithiasis is not yet clear.There are no simple or feasible methods for early diagnosis,prevention and postoperative follow-up.Metabonomics is a new"omics"after genomics,proteomics and transcriptome,which explores the metabolic mechanism of the whole organism by detecting the changes of metabolites in vivo after exogenous stimulation or gene modification.The study of urolithiasis by means of metabonomics is expected to provide new ideas for the etiology,early diagnosis,prevention and postoperative follow-up of urolithiasis.This article reviews the concepts and methods of metabonomics,also the recent basic and clinical progress of metabonomics in urolithiasis.