三级甲等医院手术室护士职业疲劳现况及影响因素分析

The occupational fatigue of nurses in operating rooms in the tertiary hospitals in China

目的:分析手术室护士职业疲劳的现状及其影响因素。方法:采用一般资料问卷、职业疲劳耗竭恢复量表及工作内容量表,于2020年10月—12月采取便利抽样法对我国东、中、西部9所三级甲等综合性医院的1122名手术室护士进行问卷调查。结果:急性疲劳得分为(63.81±18.90)分,慢性疲劳得分为(53.95±23.14)分,班次间恢复得分为(44.09±15.93)分。工作需求、工作控制、日加班时长、月总收入、日睡眠时间、社会支持、婚姻状况、职务和地区共解释急性疲劳32.4%的变异;工作需求、工作控制、日加班时长、地区和社会支持共解释慢性疲劳24.2%的变异;工作需求、工作控制、日加班时长、地区、社会支持、日睡眠时间、工作模式和职务共解释班次间恢复26.5%的变异。结论:管理者应制定有针对性的干预措施,缓解手术室护士职业疲劳、促进身心健康,从而保障手术患者安全,提升手术室护理质量。

Objective:To explore the status and influencing factors of occupational fatigue of nurses in operating rooms in China.Methods:A total of 1122 nurses from nine tertiary hospitals in eastern,central and western China were recruited using convenient sampling.They were investigated with general questionnaire,occupational fatigue exhaustion recovery scale and job content scale.Results:Job demand,job control,daily overtime hours,monthly total income,daily sleep time,social support,marital status,position and region accounted for 32.4% of the variation of acute fatigue.Job demand,job control,daily overtime hours,region and social support accounted for 24.2% of the variation of chronic fatigue.Job demand,job control,daily overtime hours,region,social support,daily sleep time,work pattern and position accounted for 26.5% of the variation of intershift recovery.Conclusion:Managers should develop tailored interventions to alleviate the occupational fatigue of nurses in operating rooms and promote their physical and mental health,so as to ensure the safety of patients and improve the nursing quality.