高温隔热材料的研究现状及发展趋势

Research status and development trend of high temperature thermal insulation materials

资源节约型社会背景下碳中和目标的提出促进了低能耗低排放的产业项目,高温隔热材料因优异的隔热、保温及热稳定性能而备受航空航天、工业熔炉等领域的密切关注。概述了高温隔热材料的热传导、热对流及热辐射机理,介绍了稳态及非稳态的隔热材料导热系数测试方法,阐述了多孔、纤维状及纳米气凝胶隔热材料的研究现状,并对高温隔热材料的发展趋势进行了展望,指出将其功能化后有望用于建筑、新能源、航空航天等领域。

Under the background of resource-saving society,the proposal of carbon neutralization goal promotes the industrial projects with low energy consumption and low emission.High temperature thermal insulation materials have attracted close attention in aerospace,industrial furnaces and other fields because of their excellent thermal insulation,heat preservation and thermal stability.The mechanisms of thermal conduction,convection and radiation of high temperature thermal insulation materials were summarized.The test methods of thermal conductivity of steady-state and unsteady-state thermal insulation materials were introduced.The research status of porous,fibrous and nano aerogel thermal insulation materials were described.The development trend of high temperature thermal insulation materials was prospected.It was pointed out that the functionalized material was expected to be used in the fields of architecture,new energy,aerospace and so on.