哲学的标准与西方哲学在中国的合法性——现代中国哲学探索的一个核心问题

The Standard of Philosophy and the Legitimacy of Western Philosophy in China--A Core Issue in the Exploration of Modern Chinese Philosophy

国内对哲学合法性的讨论往往集中于传统中国哲学,西方哲学几乎被无视。这跟近代中国的落后、西方科学力量的强大,以及哲学观的过分狭窄密切相关。近代中国的落后主要表现在科学方面,而人们又普遍将西方哲学当成是西方科学的支持性因素,并将哲学活动视为求知活动,于是,为了救亡图存,中国哲学不得不以西方哲学为标准进行剧烈重构。但是,西方哲学并不直接支持西方科学,它们之间更不互相涵盖,哲学的主要目标也并非获取知识,而是提供价值、界定意义。因此,需要反思西方哲学重构中国哲学的合理性和西方哲学在中国的合法性。西方哲学在中国的合法性是,它从底层逻辑上刻画了西方文明和西方文明所理解的世界,有助于我们更好地理解西方、认识世界,有助于中国哲学的自我更新。

In China,the discussion on the legitimacy of philosophy tends to focus on traditional Chinese philosophy,while the legitimacy of Western philosophy is almost ignored.This resulted from the backwardness of modern China,the strength of Western scientific power and the excessively narrow view of philosophy.It was widely believed that modern China′s backwardness was mainly manifested in science,of which Western philosophy was one of mainly supportive factors,and that to philosophize was to pursue knowledge.In order to save the nation from extinction,Chinese philosophy,therefore,had to be radically reconstructed according to Western philosophy.However,Western philosophy does not directly support Western science,nor do they cover each other.What′s more,the main goal of philosophy is not to acquire knowledge,but to provide value and define meaning.Hence,we need to reflect on the rationality of Western philosophy in reconstructing Chinese philosophy and the legitimacy of Western philosophy in China.The justification of Western philosophy lies in that it depicts the Western civilization and the world understood by Western civilization from the bottom logic,which helps us better understand the West,the world,and is beneficial for the self-renewal of Chinese philosophy.