中国高岭土矿成矿地质特征与资源潜力评价

Metallogenic geological characteristics and mineral resources assessment of kaolin in China

【研究目的】本文主要对中国高岭土矿开展资源潜力定量评价,指导后期勘查找矿与开发。【研究方法】首先是对中国高岭土矿成矿规律进行研究,按地质成因中国高岭土矿可以分为3种类型:风化型、热液蚀变型和沉积型。然后对中国高岭土矿划分预测类型、总结成矿模式、归纳预测要素,最后对高岭土矿远景区进行划分并估算资源潜力。【研究结果】风化型和热液蚀变型高岭土矿远景区69个,预测资源量72.22亿t,主要分布在华南亚热带季风气候区;沉积型高岭土远景区109个,预测资源量608亿t,主要分布在中国东北、西北等主要产煤区。【结论】中国高岭土矿资源潜力巨大,其中煤系高岭土是中国特有高岭土资源,但是由于技术利用和环境原因,开发利用率很低,建议今后开展应用开发技术的研发和政策支持,对于中国煤系高岭土的规模化加工利用具有重大的社会与经济意义。

[Objective]This paper mainly carries out quantitative evaluation of the resource potential of Kaolin deposits in China to guide the future mineral exploration.[Methods]Firstly, the metallogenic regularity of kaolin deposits in China are studied. According to the geological origin, kaolin deposits in China can be divided into three types: weathering type, hydrothermal alteration type and sedimentary type. Then, based on the classification of kaolin ore prediction types in China, the metallogenic model and orecontrolling factors are summarized. Finally, the prospective of kaolin areas are divided and the resource potential is estimated.[Results]69 prospective areas of weathering and hydrothermal alteration kaolin deposits were delineated with an estimated resources of 7.222 billion tons, which are mainly distributed in the south Asian tropical monsoon climate zone. 109 prospective areas of sedimentary kaolin deposits were delineated with an estimated resources of 60.8 billion tons, which are mainly distributed in the northeast and northwest coal producing areas of China.[Conclusions]Chinese kaolin resource potential is huge and the coal kaolin is uniqueresources in China, but its utilization rate is very low due to the underdeveloped technology and environmental reasons. It is suggested to carry out research and development of coal kaolin application technology and policy support in the future,which is of great social and economic significance for large-scale processing and utilization of coal kaolin.