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英国方志的编撰与乡绅阶层的兴起

The Compilation of Chorography in England and the Rise of the Gentry
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摘要 从16世纪70年代开始,英国出现乡绅修方志的热潮。方志记载了本地区自然与地理、历史与人情、名人与名胜等内容,这涉及到土地勘查、地形学、土地与土壤的研究以及对生命和疾病的认知。乡绅阶层对自然知识的关注与书写,表明他们不仅经营庄园、参与政治,同时也追求知识,试图科学认识自己生活的自然环境。编撰方志的同时,乡绅阶层形成了新的认知范式,这是英国经验主义的延续和发展。 Since the 1570s,there had been an upsurge of compiling chorography by the gentry in England.Chorography recorded the nature and geography,traditions and customs,celebrities and scenic spots of the region,which involved land survey,topography,researches on land and soil,and cognition of life and diseases.The attention and writing of the gentry class to natural knowledge showed that they not only managed manors and participated in politics,but also pursued knowledge and tried to cognize the natural environment in which they lived scientifically.While compiling chorography,the gentry class formed a new cognitive paradigm,which was the continuation and development of British empiricism.
作者 陈日华 CHEN Rihua
出处 《经济社会史评论》 CSSCI 2022年第1期28-37,127,共11页 Economic and Social History Review
基金 国家社科基金一般项目“16-18世纪英国地方志研究”(17BSS031)阶段性成果 南京大学新时代文科卓越研究计划“中长期研究专项”“英国方志文献整理与研究”资助。
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