废旧有色棉织物的脱色及制膜工艺研究

Study on Decolorization and Film-making Technology of Waste Colored Cotton Fabrics

对废旧有色棉织物脱色工艺探讨,以离子液体为溶剂,制备再生纤维素膜材料。通过单因素实验,以白度和脱色率等为评价指标,探讨了废旧有色棉织物脱色工艺。通过离子液体溶解制备再生纤维素膜,采用万能材料试验机、红外光谱分析(FT-IR)和扫描电镜能量色散X-射线光谱联用(SEM-EDX)等研究了再生纤维素膜的机械性能、化学组成、形貌和结构。实验结果表明,以连二亚硫酸钠为还原剂,以过氧化氢为氧化剂,采用还原―氧化两段法脱色,在最佳脱色工艺处理下棉织物CIE白度指数为65.1,拉伸强度损失率为19.3%,失重率为1.8%,脱色率为93.5%,聚合度为747.7。制备再生纤维素膜的断裂强度为138.7 MPa,透过率为92.9%。本研究为废旧有色棉织物的化学回收再利用提供了新思路。

In this study,the decolorization process of waste colored cotton fabric was discussed,and the regenerated cellulose film was prepared by using ionic liquid as the solvent.Through single factor experiment,with the whiteness and decolorization rate as evaluation indicators,the decolorization process of waste colored cotton fabrics was discussed.The regenerated cellulose film was prepared by dissolving ionic liquid.The microscopic morphology and chemical structure of the regenerated cellulose film were characterized by universal material testing machine,infrared spectroscopy(FT-IR)and scanning electron microscope energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM-EDX).Under the optimal decolorization process with sodium hydrosulfite reducing agent and hydrogen peroxide as oxidizing agent,the CIE whiteness index of cotton fabric was 65.1,the tensile strength loss rate was 19.3%,the weight loss rate was 1.8%,the decolorization rate was 93.5%,and the degree of polymerization was 747.7.The breaking strength of the prepared regenerated cellulose film was 138.7 MPa,and the transmittance was 92.9%.This study provides a new idea for the chemical recycling of waste colored cotton fabrics.