决策任务类型与结果框架对风险决策的影响

The Effect of Task Type and Outcome Framing on Risk Decision-Making

本研究考察生命和金钱问题下,获得和损失框架中决策任务类型对风险决策的影响。采用2(任务领域:生命、金钱)×2(决策任务类型:经验、描述)×2(结果框架:获得、损失)被试间设计,使用卡方检验及logistic回归分析后发现:生命和金钱问题下,个体在直接给出方案可能结果的描述性决策中仅表现出损失框架下的风险偏好;在通过自主查看方案可能结果的经验性决策中未发现结果框架作用。描述−经验差距一致性存在于生命和金钱问题中。

This study investigated the influence of decision task types on risk preference under gain frame and loss frame in the context of money gambling and lifesaving domain respectively.A between-subjects design was conducted with 2(task area:money gambling/lifesaving)×2(decision task type:experience/description)×2(result frame:gain/loss).By using the chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis,we found that individuals showed more tendency to risk-seeking when they made decisions based on descriptive information under negative frame.On the contrary,no framing effects were found when individuals made decisions based on experience.In summary,the description-experience gap was consistent with money gambling and lifesaving domain.