慢性心脑血管疾病中医防控的现状问题及应对策略--以天津地区为例

Studying on the Current Problems of TCM Prevention and Control of Chronic Cardiovascular and Cerebrovascular Diseases and Its Countermeasures Sampled with Tianjin

慢性心脑血管疾病具有发病率高、致残率高、复发加重率高、病死率高、社会经济负担重等特点,严重危害人类身心健康。降低心脑血管疾病事件发生率,是心脑血管疾病防治的重点。发达国家通过慢病管理模式,心脑血管疾病发病率、死亡率已出现拐点,呈下降趋势。我国心脑血管疾病死亡率仍持续上升,慢病防控体系薄弱,社区(农村)尤为严峻。心脑血管疾病是中医药治疗优势病种,慢性心脑血管疾病中医防控方面主要存在社区(农村)居民健康档案信息系统利用不充分、健康管理与中医健康管理服务不规范、中医慢病管理实施环节缺失等问题,因此,需发挥三级中医院主体作用,通过多学科融合,构建慢性心脑血管疾病风险评估预警模型,以政府为主导,完善由多部门共同参与的慢性心脑血管疾病中医健康管理体系,同时积极探索多维度的疗效评价机制,以此来提高慢性心脑血管疾病中医防控水平。

Chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have the characteristics of high incidence, high disability rate, high recurrence rate, high mortality rate and heavy social and economic burden, which seriously endangers human physical and mental health. Reducing the incidence is the focus of prevention and treatment of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Through the mode of chronic diseases management, the incidence and mortality of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases have appeared inflection point in developed countries, showing a downward trend. While the mortality rate of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in China is still rising, and the prevention and control system of chronic diseases is weak, especially in community. Cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases are the dominant diseases treated by traditional Chinese medicine. In the prevention and control of chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases by traditional Chinese medicine, there are some problems such as insufficient utilization of community(rural) residents’ health file information system, non-standard health management and TCM health management service, and lack of implementation of TCM management on chronic disease. Therefore, it is necessary to play the main role of three-level Chinese medicine hospitals, construct the early warning model of risk assessment of chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases through multi-disciplinary integration, perfect the multi-department participated TCM health management system of chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases led by the government, and actively explore the multi-dimensional evaluation mechanism of curative effect, which can improve the TCM prevention and control of chronic cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.