河南省平顶山市5 382例疑似布鲁氏菌病血清学检测结果分析

Analysis of serological test results of 5 382 suspected cases of brucellosis in Pingdingshan, Henan

目的 了解平顶山市布鲁氏菌病(简称布病)的防控效果及疫情动态,为布病防控措施的制定提供科学依据。方法收集2013-2020年平顶山市疾控中心门诊部接诊的5 382例疑似布病患者血清学检测结果,依照《布鲁氏菌病诊断标准》(WS269-2007)和《布鲁氏菌病诊断标准》(WS269-2019)执行,采用空腹血清做虎红平板凝集试验和试管凝集试验检测。结果 5 382例疑似布病患者,阳性956例,阳性率17.76%,2013年阳性率最高(29.28%),逐年下降,2019年降至最低(4.44%),2020年又有所反弹,不同年份间阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。3-7月为发病高峰;阳性率最高的地区为鲁山县(25.82%),其次为叶县(21.93%);男性和女性阳性率分别为20.44%和14.36%,男女性别差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);阳性病例多集中在40~70岁,各年龄段阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);不同职业人群以农民阳性率最高,占阳性总数的83.26%。结论 平顶山市布病疫情整体呈下降趋势,但仍不容乐观,应重视高危人群和低龄儿童的防控,制定更加科学有效的防控策略,防止布病的发生和流行。

Objective To understand the prevention and control effect and epidemic dynamics of brucellosis in Pingdingshan, and provide the scientific evidence for the development of prevention and control measures of brucellosis. Methods The serological test results of 5 382 suspected brucellosis cases consulting in the outpatient department of Pingdingshan CDC from 2013 to 2020 were collected. According to the Diagnostic Standard for Brucellosis(WS269-2007) and the Diagnostic Standard for Brucellosis(WS269-2019), fasting serum tiger red plate agglutination test and tube agglutination test were conducted. Results There were 5382 suspected brucellosis cases, out of which 956 were positive, with a positive rate of 17.76%. The highest positive rate was29.28% in 2013, which declined year by year. It dropped to a minimum of 4.44% in 2019,and rebounded in 2020. The difference in the positive rates among different years was statistically significant(P<0.001). The peak incidence occurred from March to July;the highest positive rate was 25.82% in Lushan county, followed by 21.93% in Ye county;the positive rate in males was 20.44%, the positive rate in females was 14.36%, and the difference was statistically significant( P<0.05);most of the positive cases concentrated between 40-70 years old, and the difference in positive rate of age groups was statistically significant(P<0.001);the positive rate of farmers was the highest, accounting for 83.26% in the total positive cases. Conclusions The epidemic situation of brucellosis in Pingdingshan is on the decline, but it is still not optimistic. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of high-risk groups and young children;more scientific and effective prevention and control strategies to prevent the occurrence and prevalence of brucellosis should be formulated.