全球价值链嵌入与环境污染——来自230个地级市的检验

Global Value Chain Embedding and Environmental Pollution:An Examination from 230 Prefecture-level Cities

如何实现全球价值链攀升与环境治理共赢是现阶段中国经济发展亟需解决的重要问题。本文从城市层面测算了全球价值链嵌入程度,并用工具变量法检验其对环境污染的影响及其动态效应。实证结果表明:(1)中国嵌入全球价值链对环境产生的正向影响会大于负向影响,在一定程度上能够减少污染排放;全球价值链嵌入给东部地区带来的环境效应小于中西部地区,但对中西部地区而言,在改善空气质量的同时会加剧水污染。(2)随着中国嵌入程度的加深和分工地位的提高,全球价值链嵌入对环境的正向影响不断增强。(3)嵌入全球价值链通过推动产业结构调整和促进技术进步两条路径改善环境状况。以上结论为我国通过提升全球价值链分工地位来减少污染排放提供了经验证据。

How to achieve the win-win situation of GVC improvement and environmental governance is an important issue that needs to be solved urgently in China’s economic development at this stage.This paper measures the embedding degree of GVC from the city level,and uses the instrumental variable method to test its impact on environmental pollution and its dynamic effects.The empirical results show that:(1)The positive impact of embedding in GVC on the environment will be greater than the negative impact,which can reduce pollution emissions to a certain extent in China.The environmental effects of GVC embedding in the eastern region are smaller than those in the central and western regions,but for the central and western regions,it will increase water pollution while improving air quality.(2)With the deepening of China’s embeddedness and the improvement of its status in the international division,the positive environmental impact of GVC embeddedness has continued to increase.(3)Embedding in the global value chain can improve the environmental conditions through two paths;adjusting the industrial structure and promoting technological progress.The conclusions of this paper can provide empirical evidence for China to reduce pollution emissions by improving its status in the global value chain.