液晶材料自组装构筑离子传输电解质

Ion transport electrolyte by self-assembly of liquid crystal materials

液晶态兼具了固态和液态的优点,作为电解质材料可以兼顾安全性、离子传输率、加工性能、电化学稳定性和界面相容性等特点,受到了越来越多的关注和研究。热致液晶材料可以通过自组装构筑完整的一维、二维或三维离子传输通道,它是电解质研究中广泛关注的领域,特别是近晶相液晶态电解质构筑的稳定二维锂离子传输通道受到了广泛关注,相较于其他液晶态电解质如柱状相、双连续立方相或离子型液晶,在离子传输率方面具有明显优势。本文主要综述了热致液晶材料作为离子电池电解质的起源、发展及其所具备的结构特点,并详细介绍了近年来液晶态电解质的国内外研究进展和应用现状。

Liquid crystal has the advantages of both solid and liquid.As a battery electrolyte material,it has attracted more and more attention and research for safety,ion transfer rate,processability,electrochemical stability and interface compatibility.Thermotropic liquid crystal materials can construct complete one-dimensional,two-dimensional or three-dimensional ion transport channels through self-assembly,which is a field of widespread concern in electrolyte research.In particular,the stable two-dimensional ion transport channels constructed by smectic liquid crystalline electrolytes have received extensive attention.Compared with other liquid crystalline electrolytes such as columnar phase,bicontinuous cubic phase or ionic liquid crystals,smectic phase has obvious advantages in ion transfer rate.In this paper,the origin,development and structural characteristics of thermotropic liquid crystal materials as ion battery electrolytes are reviewed,and the research progress and application status at home and abroad in recent years are introduced in details.