互构与互助:小组工作在毒品预防教育中的作用——以S高校“青春无毒”项目为例

Mutual Construction and Mutual Assistance: the Role of Group Social Work in Drug-Prevention Education——Taking the “Youth Non-Toxic” Project of S University as an Example

近年来,我国青少年毒品滥用问题突出,吸毒人员低龄化趋势明显。然而,传统的毒品预防教育存在单向性等问题,效果不尽理想,探求新的毒品预防教育方式势在必行。基于此,S市S高校积极引进禁毒社工联合该校师生从毒品预防教育工作入手,文章立足于该校项目实践,对社会工作介入高校毒品预防教育的作用进行探索。研究发现,小组工作方法在禁毒教育方面优势和作用显著,能有效提升高校学生的识毒意识和拒毒行为;小组教育的结构二重性(社工和组员的互构)作用、同伴角色互助和外延(组员和组员的互助),能有效弥补传统毒品预防教育的不足,同时为禁毒社会工作提供了一种新的介入路径,对促进毒品预防教育的有效性和禁毒社会工作的专业化均有一定的借鉴意义。

In recent years, the problem of juvenile drug abuse in China is prominent, and the tendency of younger age drug addicts is obvious. However, the traditional drug-prevention education has some problems, such as one-way, and the effect is not ideal. It is imperative to explore a new way of drug-prevention education. Based on this, S university in S city actively introduce antiDrug social workers to cooperate with their teachers and students to engage in drug-prevention education. Based on the project practice of the university, the paper explores the role of social work in drug-prevention education in universities. It is found that group social work method has significant advantages and role in drug-prevention education, and can effectively improve university students’ drug identification awareness and drug rejection behavior;The structural duality of group education(the interaction between social workers and group members), peer role mutual assistance and extension(the mutual assistance between group members and group members)can effectively make up for the shortcomings of traditional drug-prevention education, and provide a “new” intervention path for antiDrug social work, It can be used for reference to promote the effectiveness of drug-prevention education and the specialization of antiDrug social work.