“双减”背景下作业评价如何优化--基于教师注意力分配的视角

How to Optimize Homework Evaluation under the Background of“Double Reduction”Policy?--A Perspective Based on Teachers’Attention Allocation

教师是否注意到作业评价及如何开展作业评价,关系到“双减”政策能否有效落地。研究以教师注意力分配为视角,运用NVivo12质性分析软件对N市2017—2021年的39篇中小学作业评价改革实践案例进行了文本分析。研究发现,中小学作业评价改革是一种“实践问题导向的行为决策”,而“双减”政策强化了教师对作业评价的注意力分配;教师注意力分配主要集中在“确定评价目的”“设置评价内容”“选择评价主体及方法”等方面;教师在“双减”后对作业减负的注意力分配增多。整体看,教师作业评价改革实践中仍存在对约束条件考虑不全、内容结构失衡和过程协调性有待加强等问题。“双减”背景下,应从完善学校激励制度、提升教师评价素养、减轻教师负担等方面入手,引导教师进一步关注作业评价问题,提升教师注意力分配效率和持续性,充分发挥作业评价的育人功能。

Whether teachers pay attention to homework evaluation and how to carry out homework evaluation is related to whether the“Double Reduction”policy can be effectively implemented.From the perspective of teachers’attention allocation,this study uses the qualitative data analysis software named NVivo12 to conduct text analysis on 39 practice cases of homework evaluation reform in primary and secondary schools in City N from 2017 to 2021.The study found that,first,the reform of homework evaluation is a practical problem-oriented behavioral decision-making,and the“Double Reduction”policy strengthens teachers’attention allocation to homework evaluation.Secondly,teachers’attention is mainly focused on determining the purpose of evaluation,setting evaluation content,and selecting evaluation subjects and methods,etc.Thirdly,after the“Double Reduction”policy,teachers’attention allocation to reduce the burden of homework increased.On the whole,in the reform of teachers’homework evaluation,there are still problems such as the incomplete consideration of constraints,the imbalance of content structure and the insufficient process coordination that needs to be strengthened.Under the background of“Double Reduction”policy,by improving the incentive system in schools,strengthening teachers’evaluation capabilities and reducing their burdens,teachers should be guided to pay more attention to the reform of homework evaluation,improve the efficiency and continuity of teachers’attention allocation,and give full play to the educational function of homework evaluation.