苗前除草剂对浅埋滴灌玉米田杂草的防除效果

Control effects of pre-emergence herbicide on weeds in corn fields under shallow drip irrigation

[目的]杂草是玉米生长过程的主要制约因素之一,化学除草被认为是控制杂草最便捷、经济、有效的方式,但生产上苗前除草剂施药的关键时间不明确,试验旨在筛选出苗前除草剂最佳的施药方式和施药时间。[方法]采用随机区组设计进行田间药效试验。[结果]苗前除草剂的喷雾方式下采用喷雾防除第1天效果最好,防效达到88.09%以上,第1天喷雾对苘麻、打碗花和酸模叶蓼的防效显著高于第3天和第5天喷雾,滴药方式下采用第3天滴药防除效果最好,防效达到87.10%以上,第3天滴药对杂草苘麻、藜、反枝苋、稗草、打碗花和酸模叶蓼的防效显著高于第1天和第5天滴药。[结论]建议浅埋滴灌玉米田苗前除草剂第1天喷雾或第3天滴药效果较好。

[Aims]Weeds were one of the main restricting factors in the growth process of corn.Chemical weed control was considered to be the most convenient,economical and effective way to control weeds.However,the critical time for herbicide application before the emergence of production was relatively vague.The experiment aims to screen the best application method and application time of pre-emergence herbicides.[Methods]Randomized block design was used for field efficacy test.[Results]In the spraying methods of pre-emergence herbicide,the 1st day spraying has the best control effect,with a control effect of more than 88.09%.The control effect of Abutilon theophrasti Medicus,Calystegia hederaceaWall.ex.Roxb and Polygonum lapathifolium L.was significantly higher than that of spraying on the 3rd and 5th days.In the drop methods,the 3rd day dropping has the best control effect,and the control effect was over 87.10%.The control effect of dropping on the weeds Abutilon theophrasti Medicus,Chenopodium album L.,Amaranthus retroflexus L.,Echinochloa crusgalli(L.)Beauv,Calystegia hederacea Wall.ex.Roxb.and Polygonum lapathifolium L.was significantly higher than that of dropping on the 1st and 5th days.[Conclusions]It was suggested that spraying on the 1st day or dropping on the 3rd day of the pre-emergence herbicide in the corn field under shallow drip irrigation has better effect.