钢轨轨侧波磨对列车运行平稳性的影响分析

An Analysis of the Influence of Rail Side Wave Grinding on Train Running Stability

针对客货混跑线路小半径曲线存在的较为严重的钢轨轨侧波磨影响列车运行平稳性和安全性的问题,本文基于皖赣线钢轨波磨实测数据,将波磨分为轨顶波磨与轨侧波磨两类.基于现场发现,钢轨打磨车可以有效处理轨顶波磨,但对轨侧波磨处理效果不佳.仿真研究建立车辆-轨道耦合动力学模型与波磨三维纵向模型,分析了轨侧波磨对列车运行平稳性以及蠕滑特性的影响.结果发现:轨侧波磨导致车体横向振动加速度增大了66.2%,轮重减载率增加了66.7%,脱轨系数增加了15.2%,表明轨侧波磨对车辆运行平稳性和安全性有较大的影响;轨侧波磨导致横向蠕滑力增加了22.9%,横向蠕滑率增加了29.3%.因此建议小半径曲线钢轨打磨车打磨完成后再采用人工打磨的方式对轨侧波磨进行处理.

In view of the serious problem of rail side corrugation affecting the stability and safety of operating trains in the small radius curve of the mixed passenger and freight line, this paper, based on the measured data of rail corrugation on the Anhui-Jiangxi Railway, divided the corrugation into two types: rail top corrugation and rail side corrugation. Based on the on-site findings, the rail grinding car could effectively deal with the rail top corrugation, but the effect of the rail side corrugation was not good. The vehicle-track coupling dynamic model and the three-dimensional longitudinal model of corrugation were established by simulation research, and the influence of rail-side corrugation on the running stability and creep characteristics of the train was analyzed. The results showed that the lateral vibration acceleration of the car body increased by 66.2% due to rail side corrugation, the wheel load reduction rate increased by 66.7%, and the derailment coefficient increased by 15.2%. Rail side corrugation led to a 22.9% increase in the transverse creep force and a 29.3% increase in the transverse creep rate. Therefore, it is suggested that the rail side wave grinding can be processed by manual grinding after the grinding of the small radius curved rail grinding car is completed.