高校宿舍闸机对人员疏散影响的数值模拟研究

Numerical Simulation Study on the Influence of Gate on Dormitory Evacuation in Colleges and Universities

为探究高校宿舍出口处设置闸机对紧急情况下人员疏散造成的影响,本文以某高校学生宿舍楼为研究对象,运用Pathfinder软件建立宿舍楼人员疏散模型,通过设置出口处有无闸机和改变相邻闸机之间的宽度计算出不同疏散场景下学生疏散所需运动时间,并结合必需疏散时间、出口处的流量与密度进行分析。结果表明:由于闸机对出口宽度的限制,设置闸机情况下学生的运动时间和必需疏散时间比无闸机情况下分别增加21.9%和17.8%,但通过增大相邻闸机之间的宽度能够减少这种影响。

In order to explore the influence of gates at the exit of dormitory on the occupant's evacuation in emergency in colleges and universities,in this paper,a student dormitory building of a university was taken as the research object.The evacuation model of the dormitory building was established by using Pathfinder software.The evacuation time of students in different evacuation scenarios was simulated by setting gate or not at the exit and changing the width between adjacent gates.The further analysis was carried out by combining with the required safe egress time,and the flow rate and density at the exit.The results show that due to the gate's restriction to the width of the exit,the travel time and the required safe egress time of students with gate increase by 21.9%and 17.8%respectively compared with no gates,but the influence can be reduced by increasing the width between adjacent gates.