行政非诉执行检察监督的理据与难点

Legitimate Basis and Challenges for Procuratorial Supervision over Administrative Non-litigation Enforcement

检察机关在监督人民法院对行政非诉执行申请的受理、审查、裁定和执行实施活动的同时,对行政机关违法行使职权或者不行使职权予以督促纠正违法,发挥着既监督人民法院公正司法又推进行政机关依法行政的“一手托两家”作用。通过从行政非诉执行的性质和检察机关的法律地位分析着手,阐述检察机关行政非诉执行监督的理论依据、现实依据,并结合检察机关法律监督职能定位,认为行政非诉执行监督具有双重性、“一手托两家”等特点。最后从这些特点出发,归纳出行政非诉执行监督的范围、方式和标准,并对非诉执行检察监督中遇到的难点进行探析,对“对行政机关怠于申请或怠于履行强制执行的监督”“对裁执分离案件的监督”等问题作出回应,进一步明确检察监督的标准和思路。

The procuratorate plays a binary role in advancing fair justice and rule of law,namely supervising the court on acceptance,review,adjudication,and execution of administrative non-litigation enforcement applications and overseeing administrative organs’performing of duty in order to correct illegal acts.Beginning with the analysis of the nature of administrative non-litigation execution and the legal status of procuratorate,this article illustrates the theoretical and practical grounds for procuratorate’s supervision over non-litigation execution and combines the positioning of legal supervision function of Procuratorate,from which it can be found that supervision over administrative non-litigation execution has dual characteristic and binary role.Then it further summarizes the scope,means and criteria of supervision over administrative non-litigation execution and analyses the problems the procuratorates encounters,such as supervision over separation of adjudication and execution.It concludes with responses to those problems and clarifications on approaches and criteria of the procuratorate non-litigation supervision.