脑卒中足下垂患者日常生活活动能力现状及其影响因素分析

Current Status of Activities of Daily Living and Its Influence Factors in Stroke Patients with Foot Drop

目的调查脑卒中足下垂患者日常生活活动能力现状,并分析其影响因素。方法采用便利抽样法,于2020年12月—2021年10月选取乌鲁木齐市某三级甲等医院康复医学科159例脑卒中足下垂住院患者作为研究对象,使用一般情况调查表、简明国际跌倒效能感量表、Holden步行能力分级、Berg平衡量表以及改良Barthel指数进行调查,采用多元线性回归分析脑卒中足下垂患者日常生活活动能力的影响因素。结果脑卒中足下垂患者的日常生活活动能力得分为(58.74±19.16)分。多元线性回归分析结果显示:平衡功能、步行能力及跌倒效能进入回归方程(F=95.361,P<0.001),共解释日常生活活动能力总变异的64.2%。结论脑卒中足下垂患者日常生活活动能力处于中等水平,平衡功能、步行能力及跌倒效能是日常生活活动能力的主要影响因素。临床康复计划中不仅要加强患者平衡功能及步行能力的训练,也要重视对患者跌倒恐惧心理的干预,以更好地恢复患者的日常生活活动能力。

Objective To investigate the current status of activities of daily living(ADL)and analyze its influence factors in stroke patients with foot drop.Methods From December 2020 to October 2021,159 stroke inpatients with foot drop in the Department of Rehabilitation Medicine of a tertiary grade A hospital in Urumqi were selected by using convenience sampling method and they were surveyed by general information questionnaire,the Short Falls Efficacy Scale International,the Functional Ambulation Classfication,the Berg Balance Scale and the Modified Barthel Index.Multiple linear regression was used to analyze the influence factors of ADL in stroke patients with foot drop.Results The total score of ADL in stroke patients with foot drop was 58.74±19.16.Multiple linear regression analysis showed that balance function,walking ability and fall efficacy entered the regression equation(F=95.361,P<0.001),explaining 64.2%of the total variance of ADL.Conclusion ADL of stroke patients with foot drop is at a medium level.Balance function,walking ability and fall efficacy are the main influence factors of ADL.Therefore,in clinical rehabilitation,the training of balance function and walking ability as well as the intervention of patients’fear of falling should be strengthened,so as to restore ADL of patients.