物种分布模型的研究进展与展望

Research progress and prospect of species distribution models

物种分布模型是当前生态学领域十分热点的研究方向,自生态位的概念提出后,物种分布模型也随之产生.从最初仅依赖专家学者的经验探究物种分布和环境关系,到随着计算机技术与物种分布背后生态学理论的并行发展,出现了各种基于不同理论的物种分布模型.近年来,物种分布模型已经成为解决濒危物种保护,外来生物入侵风险评估,病虫害防治等多个领域研究中各种问题的重要工具.阐述了物种分布模型的背后理论,介绍了主流的物种分布模型与其实际应用,总结了现有物种分布模型的缺点,并对物种分布模型后续发展提出了展望.

The species distribution model is a very hot research direction in the current ecology field.Since the concept of niche was proposed,species distribution models have also emerged.From the initial exploration of species distribution and environment only relying on the experience of experts and scholars to the parallel development of computer technology and ecological theory behind species distribution,there have been various species distribution models based on different theories.In recent years,species distribution model has become an important tool to solve various problems in the research of endangered species protection,exotic biological invasion risk assessment,pest control and other fields.Expounds the theory behind the species distribution model,introduces the mainstream species distribution model and its practical application,summarizes the shortcomings of the existing species distribution model,and puts forward the prospect for the follow-up development of the species distribution model.