滇黄芩总黄酮不同极性萃取部位对非酒精性脂肪肝模型大鼠的改善作用研究

Study on improvement effects of different polar parts from total flavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver model rats

目的研究滇黄芩总黄酮不同极性萃取部位对非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)模型大鼠的改善作用。方法采用乙醇回流提取法制备滇黄芩总黄酮(SAF);将SAF用水分散后依次用乙酸乙酯、正丁醇进行萃取,分别得到滇黄芩总黄酮乙酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取部位(分别记为SAFA、SAFB)。将36只大鼠分为正常组(n=6)和造模组(n=30)。造模组大鼠通过饲以高脂饲料复制NAFLD模型。成模后,将造模组大鼠随机分为模型组(生理盐水)、非诺贝特组(阳性对照,20 mg/kg)、SAF组(300 mg/kg)、SAFA组(300 mg/kg)和SAFB组(300 mg/kg),每日灌胃1次,连续6周。末次灌胃后,计算大鼠的肝脏指数,检测大鼠血清中总胆固醇(TC)、三酰甘油(TG)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)、丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平和肝组织中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)、丙二醛(MDA)、白细胞介素1β(IL-1β)、IL-6、肿瘤坏死因子α(TNF-α)水平,并观察大鼠肝组织病理形态学变化。结果与正常组比较,模型组大鼠肝脏指数和血清/肝组织中TC、TG、AST、ALT、LDL-C、MDA、IL-1β、IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著升高(P<0.05),而HDL-C、SOD、GSH-Px水平均显著降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,除SAFA组大鼠血清中HDL-C、ALT水平差异无统计学意义外(P>0.05),滇黄芩总黄酮各极性萃取部位给药组大鼠血清/肝组织中上述指标均显著改善(P<0.05),肝组织炎症细胞浸润、脂肪空泡等现象明显改善。与SAF组和SAFA组比较,SAFB组大鼠血清/肝组织中TC、TG、AST、MDA、IL-6、TNF-α水平均显著降低(P<0.05),SOD水平显著升高(P<0.05),肝组织病理形态学变化改善更为明显。结论滇黄芩总黄酮各极性萃取部位均可通过调控氧化应激、抑制炎症因子分泌而发挥其对NAFLD的改善作用,且以正丁醇萃取部位的效果更好。

OBJECTIVE To study the improvement effects of different polar parts from total flavonoids of Scutellaria amoena on non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)model rats.METHODS The total flavonoids of S.amoena(SAF)were extracted by reflux extraction with ethanol,suspended with water,and then extracted with ethyl acetate and n-butanol in order to obtain the extraction parts of SAF(recorded as SAFA and SAFB respectively).Thirty-six rats were randomly divided into normal group(n=6)and modeling group(n=30).Modeling group was given high-lipid diet to induce NAFLD model.After modeling,modeling group was randomly divided into model group(normal saline),fenofibrate group(positive control,20 mg/kg),SAF group(300 mg/kg),SAFA group(300 mg/kg)and SAFB group(300 mg/kg);they were given relevant intragastical administration,once a day,for consecutive 6 weeks.After last administration,the liver index was calculated;the levels of total cholesterol(TC),triacylglycerol(TG),aspartate transaminase(AST),alanine transaminase(ALT),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in serum,the levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px),malondialdehyde(MDA),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α)in liver tissue were detected;the pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were observed.RESULTS Compared with normal group,the liver index,the levels of TC,TG,AST,ALT,LDL-C,MDA,IL-1β,IL-6 and TNF-αin serum/liver tissue of model group were all increased significantly(P<0.05),while the levels of HDL-C,SOD and GSH-Px were all decreased significantly(P<0.05).Compared with model group,except there was no statistical significance in the serum levels of HDL-C and ALT in SAFA group(P>0.05),above indexes in serum/liver tissue of rats in groups of polar parts from total flavonoids of S.amoena were significantly improved(P<0.05);inflammatory cell infiltration and fatty vacuoles in liver tissue were significantly improved.Compared with SAF group and SAFA group,the levels of TC,TG,AST,MDA,IL-6 and TNF-αwere decreased significantly in SAFB group(P<0.05),while the level of SOD was increased significantly(P<0.05);pathomorphological changes of liver tissue were improved more significantly.CONCLUSIONS Each polar part from total flavonoids of S.amoena can improve NAFLD by regulating oxidative stress and inhibiting the secretion of inflammatory factors.The n-butanol polar part has more obvious effect.