超疏水表面激光加工技术研究进展

Research Progress of Laser Processing Technology for Superhydrophobic Surface

超疏水表面作为最具代表性的功能性表面得到广泛的应用,激光加工技术凭借超高加工精度和高度可控等特性,成为制备超疏水表面微纳尺度结构的有利工具。已有大量相关试验研究,但鲜有对加工机理和方法等进行归纳总结。从润湿理论出发,分析超疏水表面激光加工技术研究现状。按照微纳结构成型方式,归纳总结增材和减材激光加工制备超疏水表面的成型机理。基于成型机理系统梳理超疏水表面制备的研究进展。分析制备过程中影响材料表面超疏水性的因素。针对超疏水表面机械稳定性问题,梳理改善和提高表面机械稳定性的方法。简述超疏水表面研究中存在的问题及其发展趋势,指出试验研究结果的规律性总结的局限。与仅论述激光减材制备超疏水表面的综述类文章不同,从增材和减材两个方面论述激光加工制备超疏水表面的机理,详细分析激光减材制备超疏水表面的制备方法和表面疏水性影响因素,对未来激光加工制备超疏水表面更深层次的研究具有指导意义。

As the most representative functional surface,superhydrophobic surface has been widely used.With the characteristics of ultra-high machining accuracy and high controllability,laser processing technology has become a favorable tool for preparing micro and nano scale structures of superhydrophobic surface.Researchers have done a lot of experimental research,but few have summarized the processing mechanism and methods.Based on the wetting theory,the research status of laser processing technology for superhydrophobic surface is analyzed.According to the forming mode of micro nano structure,the forming mechanism of superhydrophobic surface fabricated by additive and subtraction laser processing is summarized.Based on the forming mechanism,the research progress of preparation of superhydrophobic surface is systematically reviewed.The factors affecting the surface superhydrophobicity of the material in the preparation process are analyzed.Aiming at the problem of mechanical stability of superhydrophobic surface,the methods to improve and enhance the mechanical stability of surface are summarized,The existing problems and development trend of superhydrophobic surface are briefly described in the research,and the limitations of regular summary of experimental results are pointed out.Different from the review articles that only discuss the preparation of superhydrophobic surface by laser material reduction,this paper discusses the mechanism of laser processing of superhydrophobic surface from two aspects of material addition and material reduction,and analyzes the preparation methods and influencing factors of surface hydrophobicity,which has guiding significance for the further research of laser processing of superhydrophobic surface in the future.