皮肤微血管调节功能无创检测技术进展

Advances in Noninvasive Detection Techniques of Skin Microvascular Regulation Function

微血管调节功能障碍常发生于心血管疾病的早期阶段,并且与多种慢性病的发生有密切联系。及时检测微血管调节功能障碍并进行干预和治疗,有助于维护心血管健康、降低多种慢性病的发病率。皮肤是非常适合进行微血管功能检测的器官,目前反应性充血测试已在临床得到了广泛的应用。本文综述了常用的反应性充血诱导方式和皮肤血流量监测技术,分析了各反应性测试方案背后的生理机制及皮肤血流量监测技术的特点,对临床专用的几款皮肤微血管功能测试仪器的研发与应用情况进行了介绍,以期通过相关技术进展的梳理,提高相关从业者和普通大众对皮肤微血管功能病变检测的重视程度。

Microvascular regulatory dysfunction occurs commonly in the early stages of cardiovascular diseases, and is closely related to the occurrence of a variety of chronic diseases. Timely detection, intervention and treatment of microvascular dysregulation can help maintain cardiovascular health and reduce the incidence of various chronic diseases. Skin is a very suitable organ for microvascular detection, and reactive hyperemia test is now widely employed in clinical practice. This paper reviewed the commonly used reactive hyperemia induction methods and cutaneous blood flow monitoring techniques, and analyzed the physiological mechanisms behind each reactive testing scheme and the characteristics of cutaneous blood flow monitoring techniques. The development and application of several dedicated instruments for skin microvascular function testing were introduced. Through the collection and integration of techniques, this paper aimed to raise awareness among practitioners and public about the detection of microvascular regulatory dysfunctions.