试析G.A.科恩对差别原则的根本反驳——基于道德任意性的考量

An analysis of G.A.Cohen’s Fundamental Refutation of the Difference Principle——Based on Moral Arbitrariness

科恩基于道德任意性的考量对差别原则本身提起的反驳,是对差别原则的根本反驳。这个根本反驳的论证过程基于一个核心逻辑:即罗尔斯坚持的道德任意性主张与差别原则内容之间互相矛盾。科恩的这一根本反驳受到罗尔斯支持者的强烈质疑。面对这些质疑,科恩通过充分的回应对根本反驳进行了两个深化,从而进一步确立了根本反驳的合理性与有效性。

Cohen’s refutation of the difference principle based on the consideration of moral arbitrariness is a fundamental refutation of the difference principle.The process of argumentation for this fundamental refutation is based on a core logic:the contradiction between Rawls’s claim of moral arbitrariness and the content of difference principle.Cohen’s fundamental refutation was strongly questioned by Rawls’s supporters.In the face of these doubts,Cohen deepened the fundamental refutation twice through a full response,thus further establishing the rationality and validity of the fundamental refutation.