职业教育服务乡村振兴产业人才培养的需求、困境与策略

On the Demand, Predicaments and Strategies of Cultivating Industrial Talents of Vocational Education for Rural Industrial Revitalization

产业发展是实现乡村振兴的关键,人才培养和输送是产业发展的重要支撑。调研发现,乡村振兴中的产业人才需求呈现学历门槛提升化和能力需求专业化、联合培养意愿明显、在职培训需求显著、技术服务需求旺盛等特征,而职业教育服务乡村振兴产业人才培养面临着层次化惯习、“离农”倾向、培训方式传统、产教融合不深等困境,其消解路径包括:加快高等职业教育升格进程及内涵建设,加强职业教育服务农业产业的人才培养导向,推进涉农人才在职培训方式和体制革新,深化产教融合提升农业产业技术服务能力。

Vocational education is required and expected by the central government to serve the revitalization of rural industries. To realize the revitalization of rural industries, new agricultural business subjects are important carriers. According to the research, the demand for practical talents from new agricultural subjects is characterized by elevated education threshold and specialized ability demand, obvious willingness to joint training, significant demand for on-the-job training and strong demand for technical services. The paths to solve the dilemma of rural industrial revitalization include speeding up the upgrading process and internal construction of higher vocational education,strengthening the talent cultivation orientation of vocational education to serve agricultural industry, promoting the innovation of on-thejob training methods and contents of agriculture-related talents, and deepening industry-education integration to enhance the technical service capacity of agricultural industry.