突发性耳聋中医诊疗进展

Progress in traditional Chinese medicine diagnosis and treatment of sudden deafness

突发性耳聋是临床常见的急症之一,也是生活中常见、难治的一种疾病,具有发作迅速、病因多样、无特异性等特点,近年来突发性耳聋的发病率逐渐上升,并有明显的年轻化趋势。突发性耳聋属于中医“暴聋”范畴,中医学早在《黄帝内经》中就有突发性耳聋的记载及病因病机的论述,历代医家亦从不同角度对其病因病机及治疗方法进行了探讨。近年来,临床工作者在继承中医传统理论的基础上试图从脏腑、经络、气血等方面阐明突发性耳聋的病因病机,探索应用中药汤剂、针艾、穴位注射等方法治疗,取得了一定的疗效。本文详细归纳近年来突发性耳聋的中医病因病机,包括从心论治、从肝胆论治、从脾胃论治、从肺论治、从肾论治、从血瘀论治,并从内治法及针灸、穴位注射、耳穴压贴、综合外治疗法等外治法两大方面归纳其治疗方法,期望为突发性耳聋的诊疗提供参考依据。

Sudden deafness is a common clinical emergency,and it’s also a common and refractory disease in life. It has many characteristics such as rapid onset,diverse etiology and no specificity. In recent years,the incidence rate of sudden deafness has gradually increased,and the disease has an obvious younger trend. Sudden deafness belongs to the category of "Baolong" in traditional Chinese medicine. Traditional Chinese medicine has recorded sudden deafness and discussed its etiology and pathogenesis as early as the Yellow Emperor’s Internal Classic. Doctors of previous dynasties have also discussed its etiology,pathogenesis and treatment methods from different angles. In recent years,on the basis of inheriting the traditional theory of traditional Chinese medicine, clinical workers try to clarify the etiology and pathogenesis of sudden deafness from the aspects of viscera,meridians and Qi and blood,and explore the treatment methods application of traditional Chinese medicine decoction,acupuncture and acupoint injection,which has achieved certain curative effect. This paper summarizes the traditional Chinese medicine etiology and pathogenesis of sudden deafness in recent years,including treatment from the heart,liver and gallbladder,spleen and stomach,lung,kidney and blood stasis,and summarizes its treatment methods from two aspects:internal treatment and external treatment such as acupuncture,acupoint injection,auricular point sticking and comprehensive external treatment,hoping to provide reference for the diagnosis and treatment of sudden deafness.