金属有机框架材料捕集二氧化碳技术进展及应用

Development of CO_(2) Capture Technology Using MOFs

CO_(2)捕集、利用与封存是应对全球气候变化的关键技术之一。在油气田开发过程中,将捕集的CO_(2)注入油层中,既能降低原油黏度,又能补充地层能量提高采收率,同时还能将CO_(2)封存到地下,因此受到了广泛的重视,目前常见的CO_(2)捕集技术是醇胺吸收法。然而,醇胺吸收法再生能耗较高,溶液损失较大,且CO_(2)的再生率随着循环次数的增多而降低。因此,急需一种新的CO_(2)捕集技术。金属有机框架材料(MOFs)是一种网状框架化合物,通过金属离子与有机配体组装而成,具有大孔隙率、高比表面积、结构多样性、易修饰等特点,使得其在CO_(2)气体捕集与分离领域有着非常好的应用前景。首先介绍了MOFs的特点,之后总结了MOFs材料的合成方法,最后介绍了MOFs材料对CO_(2)、H2S和CH4吸附分离上的应用,并对其在新疆油田开发过程中的应用进行了展望。

CO_(2)capture,utilization and storage technology is one of the key technologies to deal with global climate change.In the pro-cess of oil and gas field development,injecting the CO_(2)captured into oil layers can not only reduce oil viscosity,but also supplement the formation energy to improve oil recovery.In addition,CO_(2)can be stored underground by doing so.And so,this practice has attracted extensive attention.At present,alcohol amine absorption method is a commonly used technology for CO_(2)capture.However,this method has a high energy consumption for regeneration,a great loss of alcohol amine solution,and a decreased regeneration rate of CO_(2)with the increase of recycling times.Therefore,a new CO_(2)capture technology is urgently needed.Assembled by metal ions and organic ligands,metal-organic frameworks(MOFs)material is a netted framework compound,which features large porosity,high specific surface area,diversified structures and easy modification.This provides it a promising prospect in the field of CO_(2)capture and separation.This paper introduces the features of MOFs first,and then summarizes the synthesis methods of MOFs.Finally,the application of MOFs to CO_(2)capture is presented,and an outlook of its application in the development of Xinjiang Oilfield is made.