无人机机载振动测量系统与数据归纳方法研究

The Study of Airborne Vibration Measurement System and Data Processing Method for UAV

为了得到无人机振动试验载荷谱,设计了出一种机载轻量化振动测量系统并给出了振动测量数据的归纳方法。首先,采用“上位机-采集模块-传感器” 3层式结构,设计出结构紧凑型机载轻量化振动测量系统;其次,针对TX25A型垂直起降无人机的发动机安装面进行了振动数据测量;然后,对时域信号进行多项式趋势消除和平滑处理,并进行了频谱变换;最后,基于正态容差限法对功率谱密度谱进行了归纳,并编制成振动载荷谱。提出的无人机振动载荷谱归纳方法易以通过MATLAB编程实现,具有工程化的可操作性特点,可为无人机振动环境试验和耐久性试验确定环境条件,具有实际的工程意义。

To obtain the load spectrum of the UAV vibration test,an airborne lightweight vibration measurement system is designed and a method of processing the vibration measurement data is proposed.First,a three-layer structure of host computer-acquisition module-sensor is applied to design a compact airborne lightweight vibration measurement system.Second,the vibration data of engine mounting surface of the TX25A ToL UAV is measured.Then,the polynomial trend elimination and smoothing are carried out on the time domain signal,and the frequency spectrum is transformed.Finally,the power spectral density spectrum is processed based on the normal tolerance limit method,and the vibration load spectrum is compiled.The proposed UAV vibration load spectrum processing method is appropriate for MATLAB software,and has the characteristics of engineering operability,which can determine the environmental conditions for the UAV vibration environment test and durability test,and has practical engineering significance.