铁路货车三大件式转向架抗菱刚度分析

Analysis of Rhomb Stiffness of Three-piece Bogie of Railway Freight CarBased on Finite Element Method

基于有限元方法分析铁路货车三大件式转向架的抗菱刚度,解决了传统的抗菱刚度评估因采用简化过多的经验公式导致刚度计算结果精度低的问题。首先,对传统三大件式转向架抗菱刚度进行影响因素分析,并依据抗菱刚度的定义将其分为三部分;接着,利用有限元方法分别对这三部分抗菱刚度进行了分析,依据叠加原理叠加获得转向架空重车整体抗菱刚度值分别为12.7和14.9MN·m/rad。使用文中方法对某三大件转向架的抗菱刚度计算得到的结果与实测结果对比后发现,使用有限元方法能够得到较高的精度,同时,结果的稳定性更好,而且通过该方法的使用,可以在转向架设计阶段对抗菱刚度进行预评估,有力的保证了设计的合理性。

Based on the finite element method,his paper analyzes the rhombogie siffnes of railway freight car,and solves the problem with the traditional rhombogie sifness evaluation method that uses simplified empirical formula yielding low precision stiffness calculation results.Fistly,the influencing factors of the traditional threepiece bogies rhomboid siffness are analyzed,and acording to the definition of the trhomboid sifness,it is divided into three parts.Then,finite element method was used to analyze the rhomb siffness of the three parts respectively.According to the superposition prineiple,the overall rhomb siffness of the heavy truck was obtained tobe 14.9 mN·m/rad,and empty truck was obtained tobe 12.7 mN.m/rad,respeetively.The comparison between the caleulated results and the measured results shows that the finite element method can obtain higher accuracy,and through the use of this method,sifness can evaluate thr rhomb siffness in bogie design phase,providing guarantee for the rationality of the dssign.