高压大流量电磁卸荷阀气蚀防治技术研究

Research on Cavitation Prevention Technology of High Pressure and Large Flow Electromagnetic Unloading Valve

电磁卸荷阀卸荷口反复遭受高压冲击,阀套、阀芯气蚀破坏非常严重,不但会破坏卸荷阀结构的完整性,影响供液的稳定性、连续性,引起压力异常脉动、管路振动和噪声,严重时还会导致系统用阀卡滞、过滤装置堵塞甚至炸裂。为了增强卸荷阀的可靠性和对气蚀进行防治,通过理论研究和CFD仿真模拟运算,提出优化改进思路;最后优化结构设计,加工样机进行测试验证。研究结果表明:通过合理设计卸荷口结构、优化流场特性,可以有效改善气蚀破坏现象,大幅度提高零件可靠性。

The unloading port of the electromagnetic unloading valve is repeatedly impacted by high pressure, and the cavitation damage of the valve sleeve and valve core is very serious, which will not only destroy the structural integrity of the unloading valve, affect the stability and continuity of the liquid supply, cause abnormal pressure pulsation, pipeline vibration and noise, but also lead to the stagnation of the system valve, the blockage or even explosion of the filter device in severe cases. In order to enhance the reliability of unloading valve and prevent cavitation, optimization and improvement ideas were put forward through theoretical research and CFD simulation. Finally, the structural design was optimized and the prototype was tested and verified. The research results show that the cavitation damage can be effectively improved and the reliability of parts can be greatly improved by reasonably designing the unloading port structure and optimizing the flow field characteristics.