红壳色文蛤选育群体的经济性状分析

Analysis of Economic Characters of the Selected Line of Red Shell Colored Meretrix Meretrix

为发掘文蛤新品种(系)优良性状,以同期繁育获得文蛤未选育系F_(0)以及选育系(F_(1)—F_(5))6个群体为试验材料,开展各群体在同一养殖条件下养殖对比试验,并分析了各群体的形体参数以及基本成分指标。结果表明,F_(1)—F_(5)的壳长、壳宽、壳高、粒质量、出肉率和肥满度均显著大于F_(0)(P<0.05),且表现出逐代提高的系代趋势。F_(0)的粗脂肪含量显著小于F_(1)—F_(5)(P<0.05),F_(5)糖原含量显著高于F_(0)—F_(4)(P<0.05),而粗蛋白、水分、灰分含量没有显著差异(P>0.05),表明这些指标与文蛤选育系代之间相关性不大。指出,不同群体文蛤的游离氨基酸含量各不相同,F0谷氨酸含量、鲜味氨基酸总含量(∑UAA)、游离氨基酸总量(∑FAA)显著小于F_(1)—F_(5)(P<0.05)。

In order to explore the superior characters of new varieties(strains) of saltwater hard clam Meretrix meretrix, six populations including F_(0), F_(1), F_(2), F_(3), F_(4), and F;were bred at the same time to compare their economic characters under the same culture conditions. Specifically, F_(1), F_(2), F_(3), F_(4), and F_(5), were selected continuously though red shell and shell length;while F_(0) was not selected. The results showed that the shell length, shell width,shell height, grain weight, meat yield and fatness of F_(1), F_(2), F_(3), F_(4) and F_(5) populations were significantly higher than those of F_(0)(P<0.05), and showed a trend of increasing generation by generation. The ether extract content of F0was significantly lower than that of the five breeding groups(P<0.05), and the glycogen content of F_(5) was significantly higher than that of the other breeding groups(P<0.05), while the contents of crude protein, moisture and ash had no significant differences(P>0.05). The contents of free amino acids were different in different generations, and there was no generation trend. However, in terms of glutamic acid content, total umami amino acid content(∑UAA)and total free amino acid content(∑FAA), F_(0) was significantly lower than other breeding groups(P<0.05).