种业育种创新保障我国食物安全的制约因素与突破思路

Restrictive Factors and Breakthrough Ideas of Seed Breeding Innovation to Ensure Food Safety in China

“十四五”时期,随着我国经济社会全面迈入新发展阶段,居民食物消费结构不断升级,食物安全隐患日渐凸显,源头的育种创新成为破局之要。种业育种创新对于保障食物数量安全、质量安全、营养安全、生态安全及市场安全均有着不可替代的作用,但现阶段育种创新仍面临着制约因素,上游研发能力不足且缺乏动力,中游创制规模小且推广效率低,下游品种市场竞争力弱且销售环境混乱。为此,未来依靠种业育种创新保障我国食物安全的突破思路应围绕核心技术攻关、生物育种产业化、创新体系重构三项核心任务,从上中下游三个角度规划具体路径,以筑牢国家食物安全的种业根基。

During the 14th Five-Year Plan period,as China′s economy and society enter a new stage of development in an all-round way,the food consumption structure of residents continues to upgrade,the hidden dangers of food safety become increasingly prominent,and the breeding innovation at the source becomes the key to breaking the situation.Seed breeding innovation plays an irreplaceable role in ensuring food quantity safety,quality safety,nutrition safety,ecology safety and market safety.However,under the present stage,breeding innovation still faces constraints,insufficient R&D capacity and lack of motivation in the upper reaches,small creation scale and low promotion efficiency in the middle reaches,weak market competitiveness and chaotic sales environment in the lower reaches.Therefore,the breakthrough idea of relying on seed breeding innovation to ensure national food security in the future should focus on the three core tasks of core technology research,biological breeding industrialization and innovation system reconstruction,and plan specific paths from three perspectives of upper,middle and lower reaches,so as to build a solid seed industry foundation for national food security.