EMS诱导水稻‘辽星1号’突变体的筛选与鉴定

Screening and Identification of Mutants from Rice Variety’Liaoxing1’Induced by EMS

构建突变体库是植物基因功能研究的重要途径。为了解析优异粳稻品种‘辽星1号’高产、优质的分子机制,用化学诱变剂EMS(Ethylmethane sulphonate)对‘辽星1号’进行诱变处理,构建突变体库,M;代单株收获,M;代种植3500个株系,通过全生育期调查,鉴定表型变异,M;对变异性状的稳定性进行重复鉴定。结果表明,‘辽星1号’经EMS处理后变异类型非常丰富,M;代共获得突变体336份,突变频率为9.6%,包括叶色、叶型、株高、茎秆、穗型、粒型和胚乳淀粉等性状。M;代大部分突变体能够纯合且稳定遗传,只有单蘖、寡蘖突变体在M;代仍处于分离状态。同时,株型突变常常伴随着穗部性状和分蘖性状的突变,可能存在一因多效的功能。该突变体库的构建有助于阐明水稻重要农艺性状相关基因的生物学功能,并为水稻遗传改良提供了依据。

Construction of mutant library is an important approach to study the function of genome.In order to understand the molecular mechanism of high yield and good quality of excellent Japonica rice variety’Liaoxing1’,the rice seeds of’Liaoxing1’were induced by EMS(Ethylmethane sulphonate)to develop a mutant library.3500M;individuals were selected,and the biological characters and agronomic traits were investigated,and phenotypic mutants identified in M;,and the identified mutants were validated in M;.The results showed that there were plenty of variation types in the progenies of’Liaoxing1’treated by EMS.336 mutants were obtained from M;generation,and the mutation frequency was 9.6%,including leaf color,leaf shape,plant height,stem,spike type,grain type,endosperm starch,and so on.Most of the mutants in M;generation could be homozygous and stably inherited.Only the single-tiller and oligo-tiller mutants were still segregated in M;generation.At the same time,the mutation of plant type was often accompanied with spike character and tiller character,which may have a multi-effect function.The construction of the mutant library could be helpful for elucidating the biological functions of genes related to important agronomic traits and laying a foundation for genetic improvement of rice.