摘要
合音词“哒”在现代汉语普通话中发展出了语气词、类结构助词、类动态助词以及拟声词和状态形容词的构词语素四种语法功能。这些语法功能与其合音母词“的”“啊”的语法属性有关,在现代汉语普通话中的发生学顺序应当为“构词语素→语气词→类助词”。“哒”的核心语气与情态含义可以被归纳为说话者以俏皮、可爱的“萌化”色彩舒缓语气、传递信息。这一核心语气衍生出调整语义色彩、维护听话者面子、拉近语用距离等语用功能,体现了“哒”的交互主观性,有利于构建听说双方良好的互动空间。
The syneresis word“Da”has developed four major grammatical functions in Mandarin:modal particle,analogous structural particle,analogous tense particle and the morpheme of onomatopoeia and state adjectives.These grammatical functions are related to the grammatical properties of its parent words“De”and“A”,and the genetic sequence in modern Mandarin is as follows:“a word-forming morpheme→a modal particle→an analogous particle”.The core tone and modal meaning of“Da”can be summarized as the speaker conveying the information in a lovely and soothing tone.The pragmatic functions derived from this core meaning,such as adjusting the semantic color,maintaining the face of the listener and shortening the pragmatic distance mainly reflect the intersubjectivity of“Da”,which can build a good interactive space for both parties.
作者
赖逸平
刘春卉
LAI Yiping;LIU Chunhui(Department of Chinese Language and Literature,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China;College of Literature and Journalism,Sichuan University,Chengdu,Sichuan 610207,China)
出处
《宜宾学院学报》
2022年第7期90-99,共10页
Journal of Yibin University
基金
国家社会科学基金项目“汉语交互主观性标记词及其对句类认知的影响研究”(14BYY118)。
关键词
合音词
“哒”
语用功能
交互主观性
syneresis words
“Da”
pragmatic functions
intersubjectivity