“新型权利”在《民法典》中的表现形式及规范价值

The Expression and Normative Value of “New Rights” in the Civil Code

“新型权利”仅是描述性概念而非规范性术语,其应否获得法律保护以及采取何种方式予以保护一直是困扰法官裁判的重要问题,需要法律予以一定回应。《民法典》采取“新增有名权利”“新增有名权益“”扩大有名权利的内涵“”增加一般人格利益保护条款”等多种形式明确规定部分“新型权利”的法律保护,能够为法官裁判此类案件提供相对明确的法律依据,具有重要的规范价值。此外,《民法典》通过设置民事权利保护的一般条款,为尚未被《民法典》明确规定的其他“新型权利”的保护提供了规范基础,充分体现了《民法典》在“新型权利”保护问题上的开放性。

“New rights” is only a descriptive concept rather than a normative term. Whether it should be pro-tected by law and in what way it should be protected have always been important issues troubling judges’ deci-sions, and certain responses are required from the law. The Civil Code adopts various forms such as “addingnew named rights” , “adding new named interests” , “expanding the connotation of named rights” and “addinggeneral personality interests protection” . The Civil Code provides for the legal protection of some “new rights” in various forms, which can provide judges with a relatively clear legal basis for adjudicating such cases andhas important normative value. In addition,, the Civil Code provides a normative basis for the protection of oth-er “new rights” that have not been explicitly provided for in it by setting up general provisions for the protec-tion of civil rights. The openness of the Civil Code in the protection of “new rights” is fully reflected.