生态文明核心问题的隐喻变迁——基于《人民日报》(1949-2021)的历时分析

Metaphorical Change in Discourse Concerning the Key Issue of Ecological Civilization:A Diachronic Analysis of the Data from People's Daily(1949-2021)

生态文明建设的核心问题是如何正确认识以及处理人与大自然之间的关系,而隐喻则是人类用于识解以及表征自我与世界的基本思维方式和表达手段。以“大自然”为关键词,从《人民日报图文数据库》(1949-2021)中提取1,651条有效数据,通过文本细读从中识别出1,204个以“大自然”为本体的拟人隐喻,并根据源域概念类型对其进行归类,结果得到8个二级和4个一级概念隐喻。根据标志性事件将1949年以来中国生态文明建设历程划分为4个阶段,用以考察上述各类隐喻在不同时期的分布特征;分析发现,二者之间具有高度的耦合共变关系。这一关系的揭示,一方面从话语与认知的角度生动展示了中国特色社会主义生态文明建设理念的历史演进过程,另一方面为主流媒体更好发挥话语建构功能以助推生态文明建设提供了一定启示。

The key issue in the construction of ecological civilization is to correctly understand and deal with the relationship between man and nature,and metaphor is the basic way of thinking and expression that humans use to construe and represent themselves and the world.Using daziran(nature)as the key word,we extracted 1,651 relevant expressions from the People's Daily Graphic and Text Database(1949-2021).Through careful textual analysis,we found 1,204 personifying metaphors with daziran as the topic.According to the type of the source domain involved at the conceptual level,these metaphors were classified into eight secondary categories,which were further classified into four types of primary conceptual metaphors.According to landmark events,the historical development of China's ecological civilization construction since 1949 was divided into four stages to investigate the distribution of the above-mentioned various metaphors in different periods.The analysis shows that there is a high degree of coupling and covariation between the changes in the metaphors and the ecological progress in China.The revelation of this covariant relationship,on the one hand,vividly shows the historical evolution of the concept of the construction of socialist ecological civilization with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of discourse and cognition,and on the other hand,it can shed light on the issue of how to better play the constitutive function of the mainstream media discourse so as to promote the construction of ecological civilization.