网格化管理实践的差异化类型及其机制探讨——基于苏州、佛山的案例分析

On Differentiation Types and Mechanisms of Grid Management Practice:Based on Case Analysis of Suzhou and Foshan

在基层治理现代化背景下,网格化管理作为一种治理创新得到广泛推行。田野调研发现,网格化管理在不同地区呈现出差异化的实践形态,在实践中表现出“复合型的国家化网格”与“嵌入型的社区化网格”两种类型。“复合型的国家化网格”通过纵向科层资源的集中配置,将基层社会的扩大化治理事务纳入国家治理轨道,凸显了纵向秩序整合的社会治理机制。“嵌入型的社区化网格”基于社区本位逻辑,嵌入原有治理体系,并通过下沉治理单元,在社区内部塑造了一个多元主体参与的治理格局,显示出横向秩序整合的社会治理机制创新。网格化治理制度实践的差异受到地方治理情境的影响,其中治理需求对接机制、治理资源动员机制和治理主体选择机制是形塑网格化管理实践差异的重要机制。基于中观维度的分析路径有助于理解制度的差异化实践。

In the context of the modernization of grassroots governance,grid management has been widely promoted as a governance innovation.Field research found that grid management has shown differentiated practices in different regions.In practice,there are two types of“composite national grid”and“embedded community grid”.The“composite national grid”integrates the expanded governance of grassroots society into the national governance track through the centralized allocation of vertical bureaucratic resources,highlighting the social governance mechanism of vertical order integration.The“embedded community⁃based grid”is based on the community⁃based logic,embedded in the original governance system,and through the sinking of governance units,it creates a governance pattern in the community where multiple subjects participate,showing a social governance of horizontal order integration of mechanism innovation.The difference in grid governance system practice is affected by the local governance situation,among which governance demand docking mechanism,governance resource mobilization mechanism and governance body selection mechanism are important mechanisms that shape the difference in grid management practice.The analysis path based on the meso⁃dimension helps to understand the differentiated practice of the system.