马克思主义政治经济学批判中的广义历史唯物主义

Generalized Historical Materialism in the Criticism of Marxist Political Economy

历史唯物主义作为一种世界观,体现的是其关于人类社会历史性发展的一般原理;历史唯物主义作为一种方法论,常常被视作批判唯心主义历史观的一种理论武器。这是一般性理解的历史唯物主义。而结合马克思对政治经济学的理解和批判来看待历史唯物主义,这一概念便在马克思思想发展的脉络中有所侧重,即注重揭示宏观社会,体现哲学一般话语的广义历史唯物和关注微观社会,揭示经济表象背后本质关系的狭义历史唯物主义。历史唯物主义之广义和狭义的区分并不是割裂概念的完整性,而是强调在马克思思想发展的不同时期对其哲学思想背后的经济现实进行把控,体会马克思超越资产阶级经济学家和小资产阶级学者的关键所在。

As a world view,historical materialism embodies its general principles on the historical development of human society;historical materialism,as a methodology,is often regarded as a theoretical weapon to criticize the idealist view of history.This is historical materialism in general understanding.Combining Marx's understanding and critique of political economy to look at historical materialism,this concept has been emphasized in the context of the development of Marx's thought,that is,focusing on revealing the macro-society,embodying the generalized historical materialism of the general discourse of philosophy,and focusing on the micro-society.Revealing the essential relationship behind the economic appearance,narrow historical materialism.The distinction between the broad and the narrow sense of historical materialism is not to separate the completeness of concepts,but to emphasize the control of the economic reality behind Marx's philosophical thoughts in different periods of the development of Marx's thoughts,and to comprehend the key to Marx's transcendence of bourgeois economics and petty bourgeois scholar.