高通量测序技术分析西藏不同海拔地区曲拉微生物多样性

High-throughput Sequencing Technology to Analyze Microbial Community Diversity in Qula at Different Altitudes in Tibet

为探明西藏不同海拔地区的曲拉中微生物群落结构差异,采用高通量测序技术对采自低海拔、中海拔、高海拔3个组别共40份牦牛曲拉样品进行测序。结果表明,不同组样品间微生物多样性存在差异。随着海拔高度的增加,曲拉样品中细菌菌群的多样性与丰富度都呈下降趋势,真菌菌群的多样性变化不明显,丰富度呈下降趋势。低海拔组含有细菌可操作分类单元(operational taxonomic units,OTU)2411个、中海拔组1391个、高海拔组1197个,3组中相同的细菌OTU有715个;其优势菌属为乳球菌属(Lactococcus)和乳杆菌属(Lactobacillus),平均相对丰度分别为34.0%和18.4%。低海拔组含有真菌OTU 801个、中海拔组343个、高海拔组399个,3组中相同的真菌OTU有173个;其优势菌属为地霉属(Geotrichum),平均相对丰度为33.8%。本研究揭示了西藏不同海拔地区曲拉中微生物群落结构多样性,为曲拉中特色微生物资源的筛选与利用提供了理论基础。

In order to find out the differences in the microbial community structure in Qula at different altitudes of Tibet,a total of 40 yak Qula samples were collected from three groups at low,middle and high altitude for high-throughput sequencing.The results showed that there were differences in microbial community diversity among the different groups of samples.With the increase in altitude,the diversity and richness of bacterial flora in Qula samples showed a downward trend,and so did the abundance of fungal flora,while the diversity of fungal flora did not change significantly.The samples from the low,middle and high altitude groups contained 2411,1391 and 1197 bacterial operational taxonomic units(OTUs),respectively,and 715 bacterial OTUs were common to the three groups;the dominant bacterial genera identified were Lactococcus and Lactobacillus,with an average relative abundance of 34.0%and 18.4%,respectively.The samples from the low,middle and high altitude groups contained 801,343 and 399 fungal OTUs,and 173 fungal OTUs were common to the three groups;the dominant fungal genus identified was Geotrichum,with an average relative abundance of 33.8%.The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the selection and utilization of characteristic microbial resources in Qula.