首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理干预在妊娠期糖尿病患者围产期中的应用

Application of modularized nursing intervention in perinatal period of patients with gestational diabetes mellitus:first visit,subsequent visit,hospitalization and postpartum management

目的观察首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理干预对妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)围产期患者的影响。方法回顾性收集我院2020年1月—2021年1月GDM患者91例,按照患者意愿及不同护理方案分组。常规护理组45例予以常规护理,模块化管理组46例在常规护理基础上予以首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理。比较2组患者首诊时、分娩后血糖控制水平、围产期患者并发症发生情况、围产期新生儿并发症发生情况、护理工作满意度。结果分娩前模块化管理组空腹血糖、餐后2 h血糖低于常规护理组(P<0.05);模块化管理组围产期患者并发症发生率8.70%(4/46)低于常规护理组24.44%(11/45)(P<0.05);模块化管理组围产期新生儿并发症发生率6.52%(3/46)低于常规护理组22.22%(10/45)(P<0.05);模块化管理组护理工作满意度93.48%(43/46)高于常规护理组77.78%(35/45)(P<0.05)。结论首诊-复诊-住院-产后管理的模块化护理干预可改善GDM患者的血糖水平,降低围产期患者及新生儿并发症发生率,同时能提升患者护理工作满意度。

Objective To observe the effect of modularized nursing intervention on perinatal patients with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM),including first visit,subsequent visit,hospitalization and postpartum management.Methods Ninety-one patients with GDM in our hospital from January 2020 to January 2021 were retrospectively grouped according to patients'wishes and different nursing plans,and their data were collected.Forty-five patients in the routine nursing group received routine nursing,and 46 patients in the modular management group received modularized nursing in addition to the routine nursing,including first visit,subsequent visit,hospitalization and postpartum management.The blood glucose level at the first visit and after delivery,the incidence of complications in perinatal patients,the incidence of complications in perinatal neonates,and the satisfaction of nursing work were compared between two groups.Results Before delivery,FPG and 2hPG levels in modularized management group were lower than those in routine nursing group(P<0.05).The incidence of perinatal complications in modularized management group was 8.70%(4/46),lower than that in routine nursing group(24.44%,11/45,P<0.05).The incidence of neonatal complications in the modularized management group was 6.52%(3/46),lower than that in the routine nursing group(22.22%,10/45,P<0.05).The nursing job satisfaction rate of modular management group was 93.48%(43/46),higher than that of routine nursing group(77.78%,35/45,P<0.05).Conclusions Modularized nursing intervention of first visit,subsequent visit,hospitalization and postpartum management could improve the blood glucose level of patients with GDM,reduce the incidence of complications in perinatal patients and neonates,and improve patients'satisfaction with nursing work.