淳化县花椒园低产低效成因分析及更新与管理关键技术

Causes to Low yield and Low Efficiency of Prickly Ash Garden in Chunhua and Key Technology for Renewal Management

针对淳化县花椒栽植中低产低效园占比较大的问题,调查分析了其产生原因,包括花椒品种或苗木选择不当、土肥水管理不到位、整形修剪不科学适宜、病虫害防治措施不当、倒春寒防范意识不强、化学除草剂使用方法不正确,对此提出了低产低效更新与管理关键技术,包括选择品种“大红袍”接穗高接换优更新品种,整形修剪培育开心形、丛状等适宜树形,中耕松土,科学施肥,合理灌溉,秋季及时排放园地积水,采取烟熏等方法预防倒春寒等。

In light of low yield and low efficiency of prickly ash gardens in Chunhua,causes were investigated,which were reflected in improper choice of cultivar or seedlings,inadequate of fertilization and irrigation,improper pruning and training as well as use of pesticides,cold snap in spring,and incorrect use of herbicides.The key technologies for renewal and management were proposed:high-position grafting with fine variety of Da Hong Pao,correct pruning and training of trees,soil loosing,fertilization and irrigation,and use of smog emission to prevent damage from cold snap in spring.