重新理解系统发展的“经济基础-上层建筑”科学构想--解蔽马克思的“经济基础-上层建筑”隐喻

Reunderstanding the Scientific Conception of“Economic Foundation Superstructure”of System Development--Unmasking Marx’s Metaphor of“Economic Basis-Superstructure”

马克思于《<政治经济学批判>序言》所提出的“经济基础-上层建筑”科学构想得到了众多马克思主义理论工作者的持续关注与探讨。然而,“经济基础-上层建筑”隐喻作为一个有机系统联系的整体并没有得到全面理解反而遭到众多曲解。有些学者将之曲解成机械的“经济决定论”,有些学者将之曲解为虚无的“经济基础-上层建筑”隐喻说,还有些学者将毛泽东思考此隐喻所强调的上层建筑能动作用的观点曲解为背离马克思主义正统的“唯意志论”,事实上毛泽东继承和发展了马克思这一科学构想。是对马克思“经济基础-上层建筑”隐喻思想有机系统的发展,是马克思主义中国化的重要组成部分,于是澄清这些曲解并解蔽此隐喻成为当务之急。《毛泽东思想的批判性透视》不仅为我们解蔽这一隐喻提供了科学的方法论,而且对于我们重新理解此隐喻具有重要的启发意义。

The scientific conception of“economic foundation superstructure”put forward by Marx in the preface to the critique of political economy has been continuously concerned and discussed by many Marxist theorists.However,the metaphor of“economic foundation superstructure”as an organic system has not been fully understood,but has been misinterpreted.Some scholars interpret it as mechanical“e-conomic determinism”.In fact,Mao Zedong inherited and developed Marx’s scientific conception,which is the organic development of Marx’s metaphorical thought of“economic foundation superstructure”,and is an important part of the Sinicization of Marxism.Therefore,it is urgent to clarify these misunderstandings and deconstruct this metaphor.A critical perspective of Mao Zedong thought not only provides us with a scientific methodology for uncovering this metaphor,but also has an important enlightening significance for us to re understand this metaphor.