基于高通量测序的清水竹笋加工关键环节细菌污染状况分析

Analysis of Bacterial Contamination in Bamboo Shoot Processing Plant Based on High Throughput Sequencing

考察竹笋加工厂二次供水及竹笋分割整形操作台面的竹笋残渣微生物污染情况,分析其中细菌菌群结构。采用高通量16S rDNA扩增子测序技术对竹笋加工厂二次供水及竹笋残渣细菌多样性进行检测,结合Tax4Fun功能预测分析潜在致病菌危害。竹笋加工厂二次供水中共检测到种水平119个OTUs,竹笋残渣中共检测到种水平100个OTUs,两者具有79个共有OTUs;二次供水及竹笋残渣中均含有人体致病菌如:巴黎链球菌(Streptococcus lutetiensis)、大肠杆菌(Escherichia coli)、武侯氏不动杆菌(Acinetobacter wuhouensis)以及炭疽芽孢杆菌(Bacillus anthracis)等,Tax4Fun功能预测分析显示二次供水及竹笋残渣在化能异养生物及发酵生物的基因表达上较高,竹笋残渣中人类致病菌及寄生虫等与人类肠道疾病的基因表达量高于二次供水。竹笋加工厂中竹笋残渣经过长时间堆放发酵处理,以及操作者带入的致病菌已经污染工厂周围水源,使得竹笋加工制品存在一定安全隐患,应尽早加以重视。对此,将竹笋残渣进行及时统一发酵处理抑制致病菌生长,再将其用作青贮饲料提高附加值;将二次供水进行二氧化氯消毒处理,定时冲洗分割操作台,是解决竹笋加工厂微生物污染关键。

The microbial contamination of twice supplying water and bamboo shoot residue in bamboo shoot processing plant was investigated, and the bacterial community structure was analyzed. The bacterial diversity of twice supplying water and bamboo shoot residue in bamboo shoot processing plant was detected by high-throughput 16S rDNA amplicon sequencing technology, and the potential pathogens were analyzed in combination with Tax4Fun function prediction. On the species level, a total of 119 OTUs were detected in twice supplying water of bamboo shoot processing plant, and 100 OTUs were detected in bamboo shoot residue, and 79OTUs were detected in both of them. Human pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus lutetiensis, Escherichia coli, Acinetobacter Wuhouensis and Bacillus anthracis were found in twice supplying water and bamboo shoot residue. Tax4Fun functional prediction analysis showed that twice supplying water and bamboo shoot residue had higher gene expression in chemical heterotrophs and fermentation, and the gene expression levels of human pathogenic bacteria, parasites and human intestinal diseases in bamboo shoot residue were higher than twice supplying water. Bamboo shoot processing plant has fermentation treatment for a long time, as well as pathogenic bacteria brought by the operators has polluted the plant around water, making bamboo shoot processing products have certain safety risks, which should be paid attention to as soon as possible. In this regard, the bamboo shoot residue was fermented timely to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, and then used as silage to increase the added value. It is the key to solve the microbial pollution of bamboo shoot processing plant to disinfect the twice supplying water with chlorine dioxide and wash the split console regularly.