2011—2020年广东省肇庆市生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的流行病学特征

Epidemiological characteristics of Chlamydia trachomatis genital tract infections in Zhaoqing city of Guangdong province from 2011 to 2020

目的 了解广东省肇庆市生殖道沙眼衣原体感染的流行特征及趋势,为制定有效的防治策略提供依据。方法 通过“中国疾病预防控制信息系统”,收集广东省肇庆市2011-2020年报告的生殖道沙眼衣原体感染病例资料,进行流行病学分析。结果 生殖道沙眼衣原体感染报告发病率呈上升趋势(χ^(2)=730.95,P<0.01),由2011年的16.16/10万上升至2020年的25.17/10万,年均升幅5.28%。生殖道沙眼衣原体感染疫情分布特点为集中在工业和流动人口相对较多的中部地区(高至62.48/10万),逐渐向西北部偏远县区(低至11.54/10万)下降的特点。女性从2011年的16.68/10万上升至2020年的40.21/10万,年均升幅10.27%,男性从2011年的15.66/10万下降至2020年的10.89/10万,年均降幅为3.96%。女性报告发病率高于男性,近几年发病率数倍于男性,男女性别比例从2011年的0.98∶1下降到2020年的0.29∶1,差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=328.53,P<0.01)。高发年龄段为20~39岁,年均升幅最高为10~19岁(20.99%)。职业以家务及待业最多。结论 2011-2020年间广东省肇庆市生殖道沙眼衣原体感染发病率总体呈上升趋势,男性、青少年、家务及待业人群是重点管理对象,应加大以上重点人群的筛查力度。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics and trends of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the genital tract in Zhaoqing city, and provide a basis for formulating effective control strategies.Methods Data were collected through “China disease prevention and control information system”.Epidemiological analysis of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection cases reported in Zhaoqing city of Guangdong from 2011 to 2020.Results The reported incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis genital infection showed an upward trend(χ^(2)=730.95, P<0.01), from 16.16/100,000 in 2011 to 25.17/100,000 in 2020, with an average annual increase of 5.28%. The distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the genital tract was characterized by being concentrated in the central area with a relatively large industrial and floating population, reaching 62.48/100,000, and gradually decreasing to 11.54/100,000 in remote counties in the northwest. There was a statistically significant gender difference between men and women(P<0.01). The reported incidence of women was higher than that of men. In recent years, the incidence was several times that of men. The incidence of women increased from 16.68/100,000 in 2011 to 40.21/100,000 in 2020, with an annual average of The increase was 10.27%, and the male-to-female ratio dropped from 0.98 ∶1 in 2011 to 0.29 ∶1 in 2020( χ^(2)=328.53,P<0.01). The high incidence age group was 20 to 39 years old, and the highest average annual increase was 10 to 19 years old(20.99%). Most occupations were housework and unemployed.Conclusion From 2011 to 2020, the incidence of Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the genital tract in Zhaoqing city of Guangdong province generally shows an upward trend. Men, adolescents, houseworkers, and unemployed people are the key management objects, and the screening of the above key groups should be increased.